Intrucept

Security Advisory

CISCO ISE & UIC Security Flaws Allow DoS, Privilege Escalation

Summary: Cisco has disclosed multiple vulnerabilities affecting its Identity Services Engine (ISE) and Unified Intelligence Center (UIC).

The ISE bug, tracked as CVE-2025-20152, impacts the RADIUS message processing feature and could be exploited remotely, without authentication, to cause ISE to reload, leading to a denial of service (DoS) condition.

OEMCISCO
SeverityHIGH
CVSS Score8.6
CVEsCVE-2025-20152, CVE-2025-20113, CVE-2025-20114
Actively ExploitedNo
Exploited in WildNo
Advisory Version1.0

Overview

This include a critical denial-of-service (DoS) vulnerability in the RADIUS protocol processing (CVE-2025-20152) and two privilege escalation flaws (CVE-2025-20113, CVE-2025-20114).

These unpatched issues, could result in network disruption and unauthorized access to sensitive data.

Vulnerability NameCVE IDProduct AffectedSeverityFixed Version
​RADIUS DoS Vulnerability  CVE-2025-20152Cisco Identity Services Engine  High  ISE 3.4 Patch 1 (3.4P1)
Privilege Escalation Vulnerability  CVE-2025-20113Unified Intelligence Center  High  UIC 12.5(1)SU ES04, 12.6(2)ES04
Privilege Escalation Vulnerability  CVE-2025-20114Unified Intelligence Center  High  UIC 12.5(1)SU ES04, 12.6(2)ES04

Technical Summary

The vulnerabilities identified in ISE and UIC products are critical and the allow an authenticated attacker to elevate their privileges to those of an administrator, for a limited set of functions on a vulnerable system by potentially accessing or manipulating unauthorized data.

Medium-severity bugs were also resolved in Webex, Webex Meetings, Secure Network Analytics Manager, Secure Network Analytics Virtual Manager, ISE, Duo, Unified Communications and Contact Center Solutions, and Unified Contact Center Enterprise (CCE).

CVE IDSystem AffectedVulnerability DetailsImpact
    CVE-2025-20152  CISCO ISE 3.4Improper handling of malformed RADIUS authentication requests can cause a system reload.    Denial of Service (DoS), Network Disruption
      CVE-2025-20113 Unified Intelligence Center  12.5, 12.6Insufficient server-side validation in API/HTTP requests may allow an authenticated attacker to escalate privileges to Admin level for certain functions.    Privilege Escalation, Unauthorized Data Access
    CVE-2025-20114Unified Intelligence Center  12.5, 12.6Insufficient input validation in API allows IDOR attacks, enabling attackers to access data of other users.    Horizontal Privilege Escalation, Data Exposure

Remediation:

Cisco has released security updates to address these vulnerabilities:

  • For CVE-2025-20152 (Cisco ISE):

Upgrade to ISE 3.4P1 or later. No workarounds exist; RADIUS services are enabled by default, making immediate patching critical.

  • For CVE-2025-20113 and CVE-2025-20114 (UIC):

Upgrade to:

  • UIC 12.5(1)SU ES04 or later.
    • UIC 12.6(2)ES04 or later.
    • Unified CCX users should migrate to a fixed release if using affected versions.

Administrators are advised to verify product versions and apply patches through official Cisco channels.

Conclusion:
These vulnerabilities pose significant security risks especially CVE-2025-20152, which affects the core authentication protocol in many Cisco ISE deployments.

Organizations should prioritize updates to mitigate risks of denial-of-service attacks and unauthorized data access. No exploitation in the wild has been observed so far, but given the critical nature, immediate action is strongly recommended.

References:

Security Advisory

Critical Privilege Escalation Vulnerability in Motors WordPress Theme

Summary: A critical privilege escalation vulnerability (CVE-2025-4322) has been identified in the Motors WordPress theme, a widely used premium theme tailored for car dealerships, rentals, and vehicle listings.

OEMWordPress
SeverityCritical
CVSS Score9.8
CVEsCVE-2025-4322
Actively ExploitedNo
Exploited in WildNo
Advisory Version1.0

Overview This vulnerability affects versions up to 5.6.67 and could allow unauthenticated attackers to reset passwords for any user, including administrators, leading to complete site compromise. The issue has been addressed in version 5.6.68, and immediate patching is strongly recommended.

Vulnerability NameCVE IDProduct AffectedSeverityFixed Version
​Privilege Escalation via Password Reset Bypass  CVE-2025-4322Motors WordPress Theme  Critical  5.6.68

Technical Summary

The vulnerability arises from insufficient input validation in the Login Register widget of the Motors theme, specifically within the password-recovery.php template. An attacker can manipulate the hash_check parameter using an invalid UTF-8 character, which is improperly sanitized by the esc_attr() function. This allows the attacker to bypass password reset validations and change passwords without authorization, even for administrator accounts.

CVE IDSystem AffectedVulnerability DetailsImpact
    CVE-2025-4322  Motors WordPress Theme (<= 5.6.67)The password-recovery.php file fails to properly validate whether the stm_lost_password_hash exists and is correct. If the hash is empty (e.g. – no reset was requested), an attacker can bypass the check using an invalid UTF-8 character. The esc_attr() sanitization strips the invalid character after validation, resulting in a successful hash match and unauthorized password update.  Complete site compromise.

Remediation:

  • Immediately update: To mitigate the vulnerability, users of the Motors WordPress theme should immediately update to version 5.6.68 or later.

Conclusion:
CVE-2025-4322 is a critical privilege escalation vulnerability affecting over 22,000+ WordPress sites using the Motors theme.

Exploiting this flaw, unauthenticated attackers can reset administrator passwords and gain full control of vulnerable sites. The vulnerability was responsibly disclosed and swiftly addressed by the vendor, with a patched version (5.6.68) released.

Given the ease of exploitation and potential for full site compromise, users are strongly advised to update immediately.

Organizations relying on the Motors theme should also implement multi-layered security practices, such as web application firewalls, routine patching, and access monitoring, to safeguard their digital assets against similar threats in the future.

References:

Security Advisory

Critical Firefox 0-Day Vulnerabilities Exploited at Pwn2Own 2025 – Immediate Update Required

Summary: Mozilla Patches Two Critical Zero-Day Vulnerabilities In Firefox.

The Two critical zero-day vulnerabilities (CVE-2025-4918 and CVE-2025-4919) have been discovered in Mozilla Firefox, allowing attackers to execute malicious code through out-of-bounds memory manipulation in the JavaScript engine.

OEMMozilla
SeverityHigh
CVSS Score8.8
CVEsCVE-2025-4918, CVE-2025-4919
Actively ExploitedNo
Exploited in WildNo
Advisory Version1.0

Overview

Mozilla has released emergency security updates to address the issues.

Vulnerability NameCVE IDProduct AffectedSeverityFixed Version
​ JavaScript Promise OOB Access  CVE-2025-4918Firefox  High  Firefox 138.0.4, ESR 128.10.1, 115.23.1
Array Index Confusion  CVE-2025-4919Firefox  High  Firefox 138.0.4, ESR 128.10.1, 115.23.1

Technical Summary

The two vulnerabilities lie within the JavaScript engine of Mozilla Firefox. CVE-2025-4918 arises from improper handling of JavaScript Promise objects, leading to out-of-bounds memory access. CVE-2025-4919 involves an integer overflow during array index calculations, resulting in memory corruption.

Both vulnerabilities can be exploited by tricking users into visiting a malicious website, allowing attackers to gain code execution capabilities within the browser.

CVE IDSystem AffectedVulnerability DetailsImpact
    CVE-2025-4918  Firefox < 138.0.4, ESR < 128.10.1, < 115.23.1Improper memory boundary handling in JavaScript Promise resolution leads to out-of-bounds read/write    Remote Code Execution
    CVE-2025-4919    Firefox < 138.0.4, ESR < 128.10.1, < 115.23.1Array index miscalculation during optimization routines allows memory corruption via out-of-bounds access    Remote Code Execution

Remediation:

  • Update Firefox: Mozilla has released patched versions that fix these vulnerabilities. Users and administrators should immediately update to the latest versions:
  • Firefox 138.0.4 or later
  • Firefox ESR 128.10.1 or later
  • Firefox ESR 115.23.1 or later

Recommendations:

  • Temporary Workarounds (if immediate update is not possible):
  • Avoid visiting unfamiliar or suspicious websites.
  • Use browser security extensions to restrict or disable JavaScript execution.
  • Consider using application whitelisting or sandboxing to restrict browser-based activities.
  • Enterprise Recommendation:
  • Deploy Firefox updates across managed environments using enterprise software deployment tools.
  • Monitor threat intelligence feeds and endpoint protection logs for any signs of exploitation

Conclusion:
The vulnerabilities CVE-2025-4918 and CVE-2025-4919 pose critical risks as they can be exploited for remote code execution via malicious JavaScript. These flaws were responsibly disclosed and demonstrated at Pwn2Own 2025, a leading security research competition held in Berlin.

  • CVE-2025-4918 was discovered and demonstrated by Edouard Bochin and Tao Yan from Palo Alto Networks, involving an out-of-bounds write in the handling of JavaScript Promise objects.
  • CVE-2025-4919 was discovered by security researcher Manfred Paul, who exploited a memory corruption issue through array index manipulation.

Both researchers participated through Trend Micro’s Zero Day Initiative (ZDI), and their demonstrations earned top scores and prizes. Mozilla has responded swiftly with fixes, and users are strongly urged to update immediately.

Staying current with software patches remains a vital defense against modern web-based threats.

The updates, which cover Firefox on both desktop and Android platforms, as well as two Extended Support Releases (ESR), were issued just hours after the event concluded on Saturday—immediately following the public demonstration of the second vulnerability.

References:

Blogs Cybersecurity News Security Advisory

Cyber Security News at a Glance; May 2025

For the month of May 2025 here are the Top News including Security Advisory & Blogs

Tesla Model 3 VCSEC Vulnerability Allows Remote Code Execution via TPMS Exploit

A high-severity vulnerability (CVE-2025-2082) in Tesla Model 3’s Vehicle Controller Security (VCSEC) module allows attackers within wireless range to remotely execute arbitrary code by exploiting a flaw in the Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)

Tesla Model 3 VCSEC Vulnerability Allows Remote Code Execution via TPMS Exploit 

The FBI issued an alert warning of ongoing exploitation of 13 EOL Linksys/Cisco routers by cybercriminal groups operating the 5Socks and Anyproxy services.

FBI Warns  End-of-Life Routers Exploited in Active Botnet and Proxy Campaigns 

Microsoft May 2025 Patch Tuesday Released; Fixed 83 Vulnerabilities, Including 5 Zero-Days

Microsoft addressed 83 vulnerabilities across its product suite. Among them are 5 zero-day vulnerabilities have been confirmed as actively exploited in the wild. The updates span Windows components, Office, Visual Studio, and other core services.

11 vulnerabilities were rated critical, emphasizing the importance of timely remediation especially for enterprise environments.

5 non-Microsoft CVEs included

78 Microsoft CVEs addressed

Microsoft May 2025 Patch Tuesday Released; Fixed 83 Vulnerabilities, Including 5 Zero-Days

Critical SAP NetWeaver Vulnerabilities Addressed in May 2025 Patch – Immediate Action Required 

SAP has released critical security updates for its May 2025 patch, including fixes for two actively exploited zero-day vulnerabilities in SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer.

SAP Visual Composer is not installed by default, however it is enabled because it was a core component used by business process specialists to develop business application components without coding.

Critical SAP NetWeaver Vulnerabilities Addressed in May 2025 Patch – Immediate Action Required 

CISA is officially changing the way it disseminates online security updates and guidance.

CISA says the enhanced information dissemination system will from now on use social media and email only to disperse cybersecurity alerts and advisories, saving its landing page for more critical warnings on May 12.

Updates on May 13

Just a day after announcing it was changing the way it sent out alerts, CISA has changed its mind and reverted back to its old system of putting everything on its website.

“We recognize this has caused some confusion in the cyber community,” the site now reads. “As such, we have paused immediate changes while we re-assess the best approach to sharing with our stakeholders.”

Social Media & emails as Medium to disperse Cybersecurity alerts; CISA

Zero-Day Threat in Chrome’s Loader Component (CVE-2025-4664) – CISA Flags Urgent Risk 

A zero-day vulnerability (CVE-2025-4664) in Google Chrome’s Loader component has been actively exploited in the wild.This flaw allows attackers to bypass security policies, leak cross-origin data, and potentially execute unauthorized code. CISA has added this vulnerability to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, urging immediate patching. 

Zero-Day Threat in Chrome’s Loader Component (CVE-2025-4664) – CISA Flags Urgent Risk 
Blogs

Social Media & emails as Medium to disperse Cybersecurity alerts; CISA

CISA is officially changing the way it disseminates online security updates and guidance.

CISA says the enhanced information dissemination system will from now on use social media and email only to disperse cybersecurity alerts and advisories, saving its landing page for more critical warnings on May 12.

As per new rule IT admins and others who want to know are advised to sign up for CISA’s email notifications to stay informed.

Updates on May 13

Just a day after announcing it was changing the way it sent out alerts, CISA has changed its mind and reverted back to its old system of putting everything on its website.

“We recognize this has caused some confusion in the cyber community,” the site now reads. “As such, we have paused immediate changes while we re-assess the best approach to sharing with our stakeholders.”

Some updates will still be available via RSS, though users tracking the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog must subscribe to that topic through the GovDelivery email service.

Going forward, only high-priority alerts—those tied to emerging threats or major cyber activity—will be posted on the agency’s Cybersecurity Alerts and Advisories webpage. Routine updates and known vulnerabilities, which were previously published on the site, will now be distributed via email, RSS feeds, and X (formerly Twitter).

“The focus of our Cybersecurity Alerts & Advisories webpage will now be on urgent information tied to emerging threats or major cyber activity,” said CISA.

“CISA wants this critical information to get the attention it deserves and ensure it is easier to find.”

Shift in decentralized Cyber communication i.e. multi channel communication

The shift comes as federal agencies rethink the way they communicate with the public and key stakeholders amid both technological and political pressures. For enterprises, this marks a turning point in how they receive, interpret, and act on federal cybersecurity guidance.

The intent appears focused on reducing information overload and sharpening visibility of alerts that signal active or imminent cyber danger.

 The announcement also said that security teams must ensure they’re subscribed to the correct GovDelivery topics, particularly for high-risk categories like the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) Catalog.

How can enterprise proactively respond to alerts?

Enterprises and organisations now need to build and maintain multi-channel alert pipelines that ensure no critical update slips through the cracks. This will involve integrating email subscription systems, real-time RSS feeds, and authenticated social media monitoring into their security operations centers (SOCs). 

Security teams of various enterprise now must reevaluate their incident response protocols. In doing this they must align with the new metre and distribution of federal cybersecurity alerts.

This will help organizations as they place sharper emphasis on emerging threats and allow routine alerts to flow through alternative channels.

Critics have earlier warned how relying on a single private platform, especially one known for algorithmic unpredictability, introduce gaps in information access when high incidents takes place.

Sources: ALERT: CISA revamps how it disperses security advisories and updates starting today | Cybernews

Security Advisory

Critical SAP NetWeaver Vulnerabilities Addressed in May 2025 Patch – Immediate Action Required 

Summary : SAP has released critical security updates for its May 2025 patch, including fixes for two actively exploited zero-day vulnerabilities in SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer.

SAP Visual Composer is not installed by default, however it is enabled because it was a core component used by business process specialists to develop business application components without coding.

OEM  SAP 
Severity  Critical 
Date of Announcement  2025-05-13 
No. of Vulnerabilities Patched  16 
Actively Exploited  Yes 
Exploited in Wild  Yes 
Advisory Version  1.0 

Overview 

The most severe issue, CVE-2025-31324 (CVSS 10.0), is a critical unauthenticated file upload vulnerability that has been exploited in the wild since January 2025 for remote code execution (RCE). 

This issue was originally addressed in an SAP security note issued on April 24, 2025, and has since been supplemented by a second vulnerability, CVE-2025-42999, involving insecure deserialization.

These vulnerabilities have been used together in chained attacks to gain full system access on vulnerable SAP NetWeaver servers. 

Vulnerability Name  CVE ID  Product Affected  Severity  CVSS Score 
Unauthenticated File Upload (RCE)  CVE-2025-31324  SAP NetWeaver  Critical  10.0 
Insecure Deserialization (RCE)  CVE-2025-42999  SAP NetWeaver  Critical  9.1 

Technical Summary 

Attackers have leveraged two flaws in SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer in chained exploit scenarios to gain unauthorized remote access and execute arbitrary commands.

CVE-2025-31324 enables unauthenticated file uploads, and CVE-2025-42999 allows privileged users to exploit insecure data deserialization for command execution.

These vulnerabilities have impacted hundreds of internet-facing SAP instances, including systems operated by major enterprises. 

CVE ID  System Affected  Vulnerability Details  Impact 
CVE-2025-31324  SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer  Unauthenticated file upload vulnerability in development server.  Remote Code Execution (RCE) without privileges 
CVE-2025-42999  SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer  Insecure deserialization in Visual Composer user-accessible function.  Remote Code Execution (RCE) without privileges 

Source: SAP 

In addition to the actively exploited vulnerabilities, several other High Severity Vulnerabilities were also addressed: 

  • CVE-2025-30018: SAP Supplier Relationship Management (Live Auction Cockpit) – Multiple vulnerabilities (CVSS 8.6) 
  • CVE-2025-43010: SAP S/4HANA Cloud Private Edition / On Premise (SCM Master Data Layer) – Code injection (CVSS 8.3) 
  • CVE-2025-43000: SAP Business Objects Business Intelligence Platform (PMW) – Information disclosure (CVSS 7.9) 
  • CVE-2025-43011: SAP Landscape Transformation (PCL Basis) – Missing authorization check (CVSS 7.7) 
  • CVE-2024-39592: SAP PDCE – Missing authorization check (CVSS 7.7) 

Remediation: 

  • Apply Patches Promptly: Install the May 2025 security updates immediately to mitigate risks from CVE-2025-42999 and other high-severity vulnerabilities, including CVE-2025-31324, along with additional security improvements across various SAP products. 

General Recommendations: 

  • Disable Visual Composer Service: If possible, disable the Visual Composer service to further reduce risk. 
  • Restrict Access to Metadata Upload Functions: Limit access to the metadata uploader to trusted users to prevent unauthorized file uploads. 
  • Monitor for Suspicious Activity: Continuously monitor the SAP NetWeaver environment for any signs of suspicious activity related to the vulnerabilities. 

Conclusion: 

  • The dual exploitation of CVE-2025-31324 and CVE-2025-42999 underscores the critical need for proactive patching and vigilant monitoring of enterprise SAP environments.
  • The vulnerabilities are being exploited by sophisticated threat actors, including the Chinese APT group Chaya_004, with over 2,000 exposed NetWeaver instances and hundreds already compromised. 
  • In response to the severity, the U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has included CVE-2025-31324 in its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog and has mandated federal agencies to remediate by May 20, 2025, under Binding Operational Directive 22-01. Organizations are strongly urged to act immediately to protect their SAP environments. 

References: 

 

 

Security Advisory

Microsoft May 2025 Patch Tuesday Released; Fixed 83 Vulnerabilities, Including 5 Zero-Days

May 2025 Patch Tuesday by Microsoft

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Security Advisory

FBI Warns  End-of-Life Routers Exploited in Active Botnet and Proxy Campaigns 

Summary 

The FBI issued an alert warning of ongoing exploitation of 13 EOL Linksys/Cisco routers by cybercriminal groups operating the 5Socks and Anyproxy services.

The threat actors are using known vulnerabilities in outdated firmware to install malware, hijack routers, and leverage them as part of a botnet or proxy service used to mask malicious activities. 

The malware establishes persistent access via regular communication with a command & control (C2) server, and affected devices are being rented out to other criminals.

The FBI strongly recommends replacing EOL devices with with newer and actively supported model or at least disabling remote management features immediately. 

Technical Details 

Attack Overview 

  • Entry Point: Remote administration services exposed to the Internet. 
  • Authentication Bypass: Attackers bypass password protection to gain shell/root access. 
  • Malware Capabilities: 
  • Maintains persistent presence through C2 check-ins every 60 seconds to 5 minutes. 
  • Opens ports to act as proxy relays. 
  • Enables the sale of infected routers as “proxy-as-a-service” infrastructure. 

Confirmed Vulnerable Devices 

The FBI has identified the following end-of-life (EOL) routers from Cisco and Linksys as actively targeted in these campaigns: 

  • E1200 
  • E2500 
  • E1000 
  • E4200 
  • E1500 
  • E300 
  • E3200 
  • WRT320N 
  • E1550 
  • WRT610N 
  • E100 
  • M10 
  • WRT310N 

Indicators of Compromise (IOCs) 

Since the malware is router-based, it is difficult for an end user to know if their device is compromised due to the inability of antivirus tools to scan these devices.

Below is a list of files associated with the malware’s router exploitation campaign: 

Name Hash 
0_forumdisplay-php_sh_gn-37-sh 661880986a026eb74397c334596a2762 
1_banana.gif_to_elf_t 62204e3d5de02e40e9f2c51eb991f4e8 
2_multiquote_off.gif_to_elf_gn-p_forward- 
hw-data-to-exploit-server 		9f0f0632b8c37746e739fe61f373f795 
3_collapse_tcat_gif_sh_s3-sh 22f1f4c46ac53366582e8c023dab4771 
4_message_gif_to_elf_k cffe06b0adcc58e730e74ddf7d0b4bb8 
5_viewpost_gif_to_elf_s 084802b4b893c482c94d20b55bfea47d 
6_vk_gif_to_elf_b e9eba0b62506645ebfd64becdd4f16fc 
7_slack_gif_DATA 41e8ece38086156959804becaaee8985 
8_share_gif_DATA 1f7b16992651632750e7e04edd00a45e 
banana.gif-upx 2667a50869c816fa61d432781c731ed2 
message.gif-upx 0bc534365fa55ac055365d3c31843de7 

Recommended Mitigations: 

  • Replace Vulnerable Devices: Immediately replace EOL routers with models still supported by vendors and receiving firmware/security updates. 
  • Disable Remote Administration: Turn off any form of remote management via web, SSH, or Telnet. 
  • Reboot Compromised Devices: This can temporarily disrupt malware persistence, though not permanently remove it. 
  • Network Segmentation: Isolate critical devices from consumer routers or IoT networks. 
  • Implement Monitoring Tools: Use firewalls or network sensors that detect unusual traffic or device behavior. 

“End of life routers were breached by cyber actors using variants of TheMoon malware botnet,” reads the FBI bulletin.

“Recently, some routers at end of life, with remote administration turned on, were identified as compromised by a new variant of TheMoon malware. This malware allows cyber actors to install proxies on unsuspecting victim routers and conduct cyber crimes anonymously.”

References: 


Security Advisory

OpenCTI Web-Hook Flaw Enables Full System Compromise

Summary

OEMFiligran
SeverityCritical
CVSS Score9.1
CVEsCVE-2025-24977
Actively ExploitedNo
Exploited in WildNo
Advisory Version1.0

Overview

A critical vulnerability (CVE-2025-24977) in the OpenCTI Platform allows authenticated users with specific permissions to execute arbitrary commands on the host infrastructure, leading to potential full system compromise.

Vulnerability NameCVE IDProduct AffectedSeverityFixed Version
​ Webhook Remote Code Execution vulnerability  CVE-2025-24977OpenCTI  Critical  6.4.11

Technical Summary

The vulnerability resides in OpenCTI’s webhook templating system, which is built on JavaScript. Users with elevated privileges can inject malicious JavaScript into web-hook templates.

Although the platform implements a basic sandbox to prevent the use of external modules, this protection can be bypassed, allowing attackers to gain command execution within the host container.

Due to common deployment practices using Docker or Kubernetes, where environment variables are used to pass sensitive data (eg: credentials, tokens), exploitation of this flaw may expose critical secrets and permit root-level access, leading to full infrastructure takeover.

CVE IDSystem AffectedVulnerability DetailsImpact
    CVE-2025-24977  OpenCTI (≤ v6.4.10)The webhook feature allows JavaScript-based message customization. Users with manage customizations permission can craft malicious JavaScript in templates to bypass restrictions and execute OS-level commands. Since OpenCTI is often containerized, attackers can gain root access and extract sensitive environment variables passed to the container.  Root shell access in the container, exposure of sensitive secrets, full system compromise, lateral movement within infrastructure.

Remediation:

  • Upgrade: Immediately update to OpenCTI version 6.4.11 or later.
  • Restrict user permissions: Especially the manage customizations capability — limit access to trusted personnel only.
  • Review and audit: Existing webhook configurations for signs of misuse, unauthorized scripts, or suspicious behavior.
  • Implement container hardening practices: Reduce risk of secret exposure by:
    • Avoiding storage of secrets in environment variables when possible.
    • Using dedicated secret management tools.
    • Running containers with least privilege and limiting runtime capabilities.

The misuse can grant the attacker a root shell inside a container, exposing internal server-side secrets and potentially compromising the entire infrastructure.

Conclusion:
CVE-2025-24977 presents a highly exploitable attack vector within the OpenCTI platform and must be treated as an urgent priority for remediation.

The combination of remote code execution, privileged access and secret exposure in containerized environments makes it especially dangerous.

Organizations leveraging OpenCTI should upgrade to the latest version without delay, review their deployment security posture, and enforce strict access control around webhook customization capabilities.

References:

Security Advisory

Apache Parquet Java Vulnerability Enables Remote Code Execution via Avro Schema 

Summary Security Advisory:

A high-severity remote code execution (RCE) has been identified in Apache Parquet Java, specifically within the parquet-avro module. Discovered by Apache contributor Gang Wu, this vulnerability affects all versions up to and including 1.15.1 and can allow attackers to execute arbitrary code when a system processes a specially crafted Parquet file. The issue is fixed in version 1.15.2. 

OEM Apache 
Severity High 
CVSS Score Not Available 
CVEs CVE-2025-46762 
Actively Exploited No 
Exploited in Wild No 
Advisory Version 1.0 

Overview 

Apache Parquet is an open-source, columnar storage format designed for efficient data processing, widely used by big data platforms and organizations engaged in data engineering and analytics.

Vulnerability Name CVE ID Product Affected Severity Fixed Version 
​Remote Code Execution vulnerability  CVE-2025-46762 Apache Parquet Java  High  1.15.2 

Technical Summary 

CVE-2025-46762 arises from insecure schema parsing logic in the parquet-avro module of Apache Parquet Java. When the application uses the “specific” or “reflect” Avro data models to read a Parquet file, malicious actors can inject specially crafted metadata into the Avro schema portion of the file.

Upon deserialization, the system may inadvertently execute code from Java classes listed in the default trusted packages (e.g., java.util), resulting in remote code execution. The vulnerability is not present when using the safer “generic” Avro model. 

CVE ID System Affected Vulnerability Details Impact 
  CVE-2025-46762  Apache Parquet Java ≤1.15.1 Insecure deserialization in the parquet-avro module allows execution of arbitrary Java classes when processing Parquet files with embedded malicious Avro schemas. The issue is exploitable only when using the “specific” or “reflect” data models, and relies on the presence of pre-approved trusted packages like java.util.  Remote Code Execution (RCE), potential supply chain compromise, unauthorized code execution. 

Conditions for Exploitation: 

  • Applications must use parquet-avro to read Parquet files. 
  • The Avro “specific” or “reflect” deserialization models are used (not “generic”). 
  • Attacker-supplied or untrusted Parquet files are processed by the system. 

This creates significant risk in data processing environments such as Apache Spark, Flink, and Hadoop, where external Parquet files are commonly ingested. 

Remediation: 

  • Upgrade to Apache Parquet Java version 1.15.2: This version addresses the vulnerability by tightening controls around trusted packages and blocking unsafe deserialization. 
  • For users unable to upgrade immediately: apply the following JVM system property to disable trusted package deserialization: 

-Dorg.apache.parquet.avro.SERIALIZABLE_PACKAGES=”” 

Conclusion: 
CVE-2025-46762 presents a significant RCE threat within big data ecosystems that use Apache Parquet Java with the parquet-avro module. Systems relying on unsafe deserialization patterns are especially at risk. Prompt patching or configuration hardening is strongly recommended to safeguard against exploitation. 

References: 

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