Application security

Security Advisory

3 Zero-Day Vulnerabilities backported & fixed in Apple Devices

Summary 

3 Zero-Day Vulnerabilities backported & fixed in Apple Devices

Apple backported fixes for three vulnerabilities that have come under active exploitation in the wild to older models and previous versions of the operating systems.

OEM Apple 
Severity High 
CVSS Score 8.8 
CVEs CVE-2025-24201, CVE-2025-24085, and CVE-2025-24200. 
No. of Vulnerabilities Patched 03 
Actively Exploited Yes 
Exploited in Wild Yes 
Advisory Version 1.0 

Overview 

Apple has released an urgent security advisory concerning three zero-day vulnerabilities currently being actively exploited: CVE-2025-24200, CVE-2025-24201, and CVE-2025-24085. These vulnerabilities affect a range of Apple devices, such as iPhones, iPads, Macs, and other platforms. Users are strongly urged to update to the latest patched versions to reduce security risks. 

Vulnerability Name CVE ID Product Affected Severity CVSS Score 
WebKit Out-of-Bounds Write Vulnerability  CVE-2025-24201 iOS, macOS, visionOS, Safari  High  8.8 
Use-After-Free Vulnerability  CVE-2025-24085 iOS, iPasOS, macOS, watchOS, tvOS  High  7.8 
Incorrect Authorization Vulnerability  CVE-2025-24200  iOS, iPadOS  Medium  6.1 

Technical Summary 

Apple’s latest security update patches three Zero-Day vulnerabilities that hackers were actively exploiting. These vulnerabilities could allow attackers to bypass security protections, making devices more vulnerable. One of the vulnerabilities enables remote code execution, letting attackers run malicious programs. Another flaw allows privilege escalation, giving attackers higher-level access to system functions. 

CVE ID System Affected Vulnerability Details Impact 
  CVE-2025-24201  iOS 18.3.2, iPadOS 18.3.2, macOS Sequoia 15.3.2, visionOS 2.3.2, Safari 18.3  Out-of-bounds write issue allowing malicious websites to escape the Web Content sandbox   Remote Code Execution 
 CVE-2025-24085 iOS 18.3, iPadOS 18.3, macOS Sequoia 15.3, watchOS 11.3, tvOS 18.3, visionOS 2.3 Use-after-free vulnerability in CoreMedia allowing privilege escalation via malicious apps.  Privilege escalation via CoreMedia 
 CVE-2025-24200  iOS 18.3.1, iPadOS 18.3.1, iPadOS 17.7.5 (iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch, etc.) Authorization bypass vulnerability allowing attackers to disable USB Restricted Mode on locked devices.  Security Bypass USB Restricted Mode 

Remediation: 

Apply Patches Promptly: Apple has released security updates to address these vulnerabilities. Users should update their devices immediately to mitigate risks 

  • iPhones and iPads: Update to iOS 18.3/iPadOS 18.3 or later. 
  • Macs: Install macOS Sequoia 15.3 or later. 
  • Apple Watch: Upgrade to watchOS 11.3. 
  • Apple TV: Apply tvOS 18.3 updates. 
  • Vision Pro: Install visionOS 2.3 updates. 

General Recommendations: 

  • Prioritize Zero-Day Fixes: Focus on patching actively exploited vulnerabilities, especially those affecting USB Restricted Mode, WebKit, and CoreMedia.  
  • Enable Lockdown Mode: On supported devices, Lockdown Mode can provide additional security against targeted attacks.  
  • Be Cautious with USB Devices: Avoid connecting untrusted accessories to Apple devices to mitigate USB-based attack vectors. 
  • Stay Alert for Malicious Websites: Since WebKit vulnerabilities are actively exploited, avoid suspicious links and untrusted web content. 
  • Monitor for Exploitation: Continuously monitor systems for any signs of exploitation or suspicious activity. 

Conclusion: 

The discovery and active exploitation of these zero-day vulnerabilities underscore the increasing sophistication of cyberattacks targeting Apple’s ecosystem.

While Apple has responded swiftly with patches, users must remain vigilant by keeping their devices updated and adhering to cybersecurity best practices, such as avoiding untrusted applications and enabling Lockdown Mode where applicable. 

Apple fixed all the vulnerability with improved state management.

References: 


 

Security Advisory

Phishing Crusade Targeted approx 12,000 GitHub Repositories; Victims directed to “gitsecurityapp”

A large-scale phishing campaign has targeted nearly 12,000 GitHub repositories with phony security alerts, reported BleepingComputers.

The alerts, opened as issues on the repositories, inform users of unauthorized login attempts and provide links to change their passwords, review active sessions, or set up MFA.

If a user clicks any of these links, they’ll be taken to a GitHub authorization page for an OAuth app that will grant the attacker control of the account.

The campaign is ongoing, though GitHub appears to be responding to the attacks.

Users were directed to all links within the message to a GitHub authorization page for a malicious OAuth application called “gitsecurityapp.” If authorized, the app grants attackers full control over the user’s account and repositories, including the ability to delete repositories, modify workflows, and read or write organization data.

This consistent messaging across all affected repositories aims to create a sense of urgency and panic, prompting developers to take immediate action.

The fraudulent alert directs users to update their passwords, review active sessions, and enable two-factor authentication. However, these links lead to a GitHub authorization page for a malicious OAuth app named “gitsecurityapp.”

Upon authorization, an access token is generated and sent to various web pages hosted on onrender.com, granting the attacker full control.

(Image courtesy: Bleeping Computers)

The attack, which was first detected on March 16, remains active, though GitHub appears to be removing affected repositories.

Pointers Developers to take key inputs from this incident.

Last week, a supply chain attack on the tj-actions/changed-files GitHub Action caused malicious code to write CI/CD secrets to the workflow logs for 23,000 repositories.

If those logs had been public, then the attacker would have been able to steal the secrets.

The tj-actions developers cannot pinpoint exactly how the attackers compromised a GitHub personal access token (PAT) used by a bot to perform malicious code changes as per threat researchers.

Key pointers for User saftey:

  • For users who have mistakenly authorized the malicious OAuth app revoking access to suspicious OAuth apps through GitHub’s settings.
  • Affected users should review their repository workflows, check for unauthorized private gists, and rotate their credentials to prevent further damage.
  • This attack highlights the increasing threat of phishing campaigns targeting GitHub users.
  • As GitHub continues to investigate and respond, developers must remain vigilant and verify any security alerts before taking action.
  • Rotate your credentials and authorization tokens.

 Wiz suggests that potentially impacted projects run this GitHub query to check for references to reviewdog/action-setup@v1 in repositories.

If double-encoded base64 payloads are found in workflow logs, this should be taken as a confirmation their secrets were leaked.

Developers should immediately remove all references to affected actions across branches, delete workflow logs, and rotate any potentially exposed secrets.

(Sourece: Bleeping computers)

Security Advisory

Multiple High-Severity Vulnerabilities Patched in Zoom  

Summary 

Multiple high-severity vulnerabilities have been identified in Zoom applications, including Zoom Workplace, Rooms Controller, Rooms Client, and Meeting SDK, causing exposure of Sensitive Data.

The most critical flaws, patched in Zoom’s March 11, 2025, security bulletin, include CVE-2025-27440 (heap-based buffer overflow), CVE-2025-27439 (buffer underflow), CVE-2025-0151 (use-after-free) CVE-2025-0150 (incorrect behavior order in iOS Workplace Apps).

All rated high severity with CVSS scores ranging from 7.1 to 8.5. 

OEM Zoom 
Severity High 
CVSS 8.5  
CVEs CVE-2025-27440, CVE-2025-27439, CVE-2025-0151,  CVE-2025-0150, CVE-2025-0149 
Publicly POC Available No 
Patch/Remediation Available Yes 
Advisory Version 1.0 

Overview 

These vulnerabilities could allow attackers to escalate privileges, execute arbitrary code, or cause denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. Zoom has released patches addressing these issues in version 6.3.0. 

Vulnerability Name CVE ID Product Affected Severity CVSS Score 
Heap-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability  CVE-2025-27440  ZOOM High 8.5 
Buffer Underflow Vulnerability  CVE-2025-27439  ZOOM High 8.5 
Use-After-Free Vulnerability CVE-2025-0151 ZOOM High  8.5 
Incorrect Behavior Order Vulnerability CVE-2025-0150 ZOOM High 7.1 
Insufficient Data Verification Vulnerability  CVE-2025-0149 ZOOM Medium 6.5 

Technical Summary 

These vulnerabilities could be exploited to gain unauthorized access, execute arbitrary code, or disrupt services through privilege escalation and memory corruption techniques. Exploitation requires authentication and network access, posing a risk to enterprise users. 

CVE ID System Affected Vulnerability Details Impact 
 CVE-2025-27440  Zoom Workplace Apps ( Windows, macOS, and Linux, as well as mobile apps for iOS and Android.)  Heap-based buffer overflow, allowing attackers to inject malicious code   Privilege Escalation 
 CVE-2025-27439  Zoom Workplace Apps Buffer underflow, leading to unexpected crashes or data leakage   Denial of Service, Data Exposure 
CVE-2025-0151    Zoom Workplace Apps  Use-after-free issue leading to memory corruption and arbitrary code execution   Privilege Escalation 
CVE-2025-0150  Zoom Workplace Apps (iOS) Incorrect behavior order allowing unauthorized access to authentication tokens   Information Disclosure 
CVE-2025-0149 Zoom Workplace Apps  Insufficient verification of data authenticity, allowing malformed network packets to bypass security checks Denial of Service 

Remediation: 

  • Apply Patches Promptly: Ensure all Zoom applications are updated to version 6.3.0 or later, which includes fixes for 12 vulnerabilities disclosed in March 2025 alone.

Conclusion: 

The recent vulnerabilities in Zoom highlight the ongoing challenges in securing widely used communication platforms. While Zoom has acted swiftly in providing patches, the recurrence of memory corruption and input validation flaws suggests architectural challenges.

Organizations should maintain a proactive security stance, ensuring timely updates and implementing stringent controls to safeguard sensitive data. 

Organizations must treat Zoom not as a neutral utility but as a high-risk vector requiring stringent controls.

References: 

Blogs

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Can Gen AI Transform Organizations Cyber Posture

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Blogs

Users of WhatsApp Exposed to Sophisticated Spyware Attack

The recent Spyware attack on WhatsApp users is linked to Israeli surveillance firm Paragon Solutions that targets journalists, activists, and civil society members using sophisticated “zero-click” hacking methods that require no user interaction.

Attack Confirmed By Meta

Meta, the parent company of WhatsApp, has officially acknowledged the attack, stating that the messaging platform was compromised by hackers deploying spyware. Following multiple reports of breaches, Meta informed Italy’s National Cybersecurity Agency, confirming that about 90 users across 24 countries were targeted.

The spyware attack came to light when Luca Casarini, a migrant rescue activist and co-founder of Mediterranea Saving Humans, and investigative journalist Francesco Cancellato, received an alert from WhatsApp, notifying their device had been infiltrated by spyware.

What is Spyware and what makes Spyware attack special?

Spyware is one of the most commonly used cyberattack methods used by hackers and makes it difficult to trace and identify by users and does some serious harm to networks. These data are used to track, steal, and sell user data, such as internet usage, credit card, and bank account details, or steal user credentials to spoof their identities.

As per Fortinet, Spyware is malicious software that enters a user’s computer, gathers data from the device and user, and sends it to third parties without their consent. A commonly accepted spyware definition is a strand of malware designed to access and damage a device without the user’s consent. 

How Zero-Click Hacking affect our Online Digital device

The Zero click hacking techniques was stunning for users which is not traceable

Unlike any other phishing attacks that require users to click on malicious links. In this method attackers infect a device without any action from the user. Such advanced tactics enable surveillance on a large scale, posing severe risks to privacy and security worldwide.

The revelation has reignited global concerns over digital espionage and unauthorized surveillance. Cybersecurity experts warn that the attack on WhatsApp underscores the vulnerabilities present in even the most widely used communication platforms. As investigations continue, users are urged to update their software regularly and remain vigilant against potential cyber threats.

Mobile spyware typically attacks mobile devices through three methods:

  • Flaws in operating systems: Attackers can exploit flaws in mobile operating systems that are typically opened up by holes in updates. 
  • Malicious applications: These typically lurk within legitimate applications that users download from websites rather than app stores.
  • Unsecured free Wi-Fi networks: Wi-Fi networks in public places like airports and cafes are often free and simple to sign in to, which makes them a serious security risk. Attackers can use these networks to spy on what connected users are doing.

Significant Cyber threat of Spyware

The Spyware attack left users fall prey to online digital attack and question on govt. surveillance which was taken seriously by Italy.Over the years Spyware  infected millions of devices, stealing sensitive information.

Some of the most devastating spyware cases helps us understand how serious this threat can be.

  • Pegasus — Spyware Behind Global Surveillance Scandals

Pegasus — developed by Israeli tech firm NSO Group — is the most high-profile spyware ever created. While it was originally marketed as a tool for governments to combat terrorism and criminal activities, it has become infamous for its misuse.

Reports have revealed that Pegasus has been used to monitor journalists, activists, and political figures, raising serious concerns about privacy and human rights violations. Its ability to infect devices without any user interaction makes it especially dangerous and difficult to detect.

  • FinSpy (FinFisher) — Government Tool for Full Device Control

FinSpy, also known as FinFisher, is a spyware tool developed by Gamma Group, a company based in Germany. Initially marketed to governments and law enforcement agencies as a way to combat crime and terrorism, FinSpy has been linked to unauthorized surveillance and there is concern about its use by oppressive regimes. The spyware is capable of targeting multiple platforms, including Windows, macOS, and Linux, making it versatile and difficult to escape.

  • GravityRAT — Cross-Border Espionage Targeting India

GravityRAT spyware was initially designed to target individuals in India. It’s believed to be linked to cyber espionage efforts originating from Pakistan. Its primary goal is to steal sensitive information, including files, contact lists, and user data.

GravityRAT typically spreads through phishing emails that trick users into downloading malicious attachments. Once the victim opens the file, the spyware silently installs itself, granting attackers control over the infected device.

  • DarkHotel — Targeting Business Travelers Through Hotel Wi-Fi

DarkHotel is a sophisticated spyware campaign that’s been active for over a decade, primarily targeting business travelers staying in luxury hotels. Discovered in 2007, this Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) has affected high-profile executives, government officials, and corporate leaders. The attackers aim to steal sensitive business information, like trade secrets and confidential documents, while victims are connected to hotel Wi-Fi networks.

  • Agent Tesla — Password and Keystroke Thief for Hire

Agent Tesla is technically classified as a Remote Access Trojan (RAT) and keylogger, though it has spyware-like functionalities. First discovered in 2014, Agent Tesla has gained notoriety for its ability to steal sensitive information, such as login credentials, keystrokes, and clipboard data. It can also take screenshots and extract information from email clients, web browsers, and other applications, making it a powerful tool for cybercriminals.

Security Advisory

Zero-Day Vulnerability in Microsoft Sysinternals Tools  

Summary 

A critical 0-Day vulnerability has been identified in nearly all Microsoft Sysinternals tools, allowing attackers to exploit DLL injection techniques to execute arbitrary code. This presents a significant risk to IT administrators and developers who rely on these utilities for system analysis and troubleshooting.

OEM Microsoft 
Severity High 
Date of Announcement 2025-02-05 
CVEs Not Yet Assigned 
Exploited in Wild No 
Patch/Remediation Available No 
Advisory Version 1.0 
Vulnerability Name Zero-Day  

Overview 

Despite being reported to Microsoft over 90 days ago, the vulnerability remains unpatched, as Microsoft considers it a “defense-in-depth” issue rather than a critical security flaw. 

Vulnerability Name CVE ID Product Affected Severity Impact 
            zero-day  Not Yet Assigned Microsoft Sysinternals Tools (Process Explorer, Autoruns, Bginfo, and potentially others)          High Arbitrary Code Execution, Privilege Escalation, Malware Deployment 

Technical Summary 

The vulnerability is caused by improper handling of DLL loading paths in affected Sysinternals utilities. When these tools search for required DLLs, they follow a specific search order, which may include untrusted locations such as network shares or user-writable directories. 

The issue arises from how Sysinternals tools prioritize DLL search paths, favoring untrusted directories such as: 

  • The Current Working Directory (CWD) 
  • Network locations (e.g., shared drives) 
  • User-writable paths over secure system directories 

This flaw allows attackers to place a malicious DLL in the same directory as a Sysinternals executable, tricking the application into loading the rogue DLL instead of the legitimate system DLL. 

Exploit Workflow 

  1. Attacker crafts a malicious DLL (e.g., cryptbase.dll or TextShaping.dll) containing a payload such as a reverse shell, ransomware, or trojan. 
  1. The DLL is placed in the same directory as a vulnerable Sysinternals tool. 
  1. The user unknowingly executes the tool (e.g., Bginfo.exe or procexp.exe) from that directory. 
  1. The malicious DLL is loaded instead of the legitimate system DLL. 
  1. Attackers gains code execution with the privileges of the running process (potentially SYSTEM privileges if run with admin rights). 

Recommendations 

  1. Avoid Running Sysinternals Tools from Network Locations 
  • Always copy tools to a local trusted directory before execution. 
  • Disable execution of .exe files from network drives if feasible. 
  1. Restrict DLL Search Paths 
  • Use SafeDLLSearchMode to prioritize secure directories. 
  • Implement DLL redirection to force tools to load DLLs from trusted paths. 
  1. Implement Application Control Policies 
  • Use AppLocker or Windows Defender Application Control (WDAC) to block unauthorized DLLs from loading. 
  • Restrict execution of Sysinternals tools to trusted admin-only directories. 
  1. Verify DLL Integrity Before Execution 
  • Use SigCheck (Sysinternals) to ensure all loaded DLLs are digitally signed. 
  • Block execution of unsigned or suspicious DLLs in sensitive directories. 
  1. Monitor for Suspicious DLL Loading Behavior 
  • Enable Sysmon logging to detect anomalous DLL loads (Event ID 7). 
  • Monitor for executions of Sysinternals tools from network shares (Event ID 4688). 

Conclusion 

Despite being responsibly disclosed to Microsoft in October 2024, the vulnerability in Sysinternals tools remains unpatched as of February 2025. Microsoft classifies it as a “defense-in-depth” issue, dismissing it as non-critical, while security researchers highlight its severe impact on enterprises, especially those running tools from network shares. This leaves users reliant on manual mitigations to avoid exploitation.

The Sysinternals tools, developed by Microsoft, are a widely-utilized suite of utilities designed to provide in-depth insights into the processes, services, and configurations of Windows systems. 

References: 

Blogs Cybersecurity News

Codefinger Ransomware attack encrypts Amazon S3 buckets

  • Ransomware crew dubbed Codefinger targets AWS S3 buckets
  • Sets data-destruct timer for 7 days
  • Threat actors demand for Ransom payment made for the symmetric AES-256 keys required to decrypt it

Amazon S3 buckets encrypted using AWS’s Server-Side Encryption with Customer Provided Keys (SSE-C) and somehow the threat actors knew details of the keys. And this made them demand ransoms to demand the decryption key.

The campaign was discovered by Halcyon , and according to them the threat actors after exploiting the compromised keys, they called the “x-amz-server-side-encryption-customer-algorithm” header and use a locally stored AES-256 encryption key they generate to lock up the victims’ files. There is great chance that more cyber criminal groups can adopt the tactic and use.

The threat actor looks for keys with permissions to write and read S3 objects (s3:GetObject and s3:PutObject requests), and then launches the encryption process by calling the SSE-C algorithm, utilizing a locally generated and stored AES-256 encryption key.

“It is important to note that this attack does not require the exploitation of any AWS vulnerability but instead relies on the threat actor first obtaining an AWS customer’s account credentials,” Halcyon notes.

According to Halcyon, because the attack relies on AWS’s infrastructure for encryption, it is impossible to recover the encrypted data without the symmetric AES-256 keys required to decrypt it. Halcyon reported its findings to Amazon, and the cloud services provider told them that they do their best to promptly notify customers who have had their keys exposed so they can take immediate action.

In recent month hackers and cyber criminal have gained traction In recent months and have begun targeting their product gateways and find ways to extort customers using it. 

Unlike traditional ransomware that encrypts files locally, this attack operates directly within the AWS environment, exploiting the inherent security of SSE-C to render data irretrievable without the attacker’s decryption keys says Halcyon team.

Ransomware capabilities gain new tactics where the threat actor first obtains an AWS customer’s account credentials and there is no know method that data can be recovered without paying the ransom.

As per AWS they encourage customers to utilize their security tools, such as IAM roles, Identity Center and Secrets Manager, to minimize credential exposure and improve defense postures.

Sources:

https://www.theregister.com/2025/01/13/ransomware_crew_abuses_compromised_aws/

www.Bleeping computers.com

Security Advisory

Important Security Alert: SonicWall Issues Patch for SSL-VPN Vulnerabilities 

SonicWall has released an Critical advisory urging administrators to address a critical vulnerability in its SSL-VPN product.

The flaw, identified as CVE-2024-53704, poses a significant security risk, allowing attackers to exploit the system remotely. Administrators are strongly encouraged to update their systems immediately to mitigate potential threats. SonicWall has released an Critical advisory urging administrators to address a critical vulnerability in its SSL-VPN product.

Key Details:

  • The vulnerability allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected systems.
  • It impacts SonicWall’s SSL-VPN products, widely used for secure remote access.
  • Exploitation of this bug could lead to severe consequences, including unauthorized access to sensitive data, network infiltration, and system compromise.

Summary 

OEM SonicWall 
Severity High 
CVSS 8.2 
CVEs CVE-2024-53704 
Exploited in Wild No 
Patch/Remediation Available Yes 
Advisory Version 1.0 

Overview 

The security flaw, tracked as CVE-2024-53704, presents a serious risk, enabling remote exploitation by attackers. Administrators are highly advised to apply the necessary patches without delay to protect against potential threats.  

Vulnerability Name CVE ID Product Affected Severity Affected Version 
Improper Authentication CVE-2024-53704 SonicWall  High 7.1.x (7.1.1-7058 and older), 7.1.2-7019 
8.0.0-8035 
A privilege escalation vulnerability CVE-2024-53706 SonicWall High  7.1.x (7.1.1-7058 and older), 7.1.2-7019 
A weakness in the SSLVPN authentication token generator CVE-2024-40762 SonicWall High  7.1.x (7.1.1-7058 and older), 7.1.2-7019 
A server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability CVE-2024-53705 SonicWall Medium 6.5.4.15-117n and older 
7.0.x (7.0.1-5161 and older) 

Technical Summary 

CVE ID System Affected Vulnerability Details Impact 
 CVE-2024-53704  Gen7 Firewalls, Gen7 NSv, TZ80 An Improper Authentication vulnerability in the SSLVPN authentication mechanism allows a remote attacker to bypass authentication.  Bypass authentication 
 CVE-2024-53706  Gen7 Cloud Platform NSv A vulnerability in the Gen7 SonicOS Cloud platform NSv (AWS and Azure editions only), allows a remote authenticated local low-privileged attacker to elevate privileges to `root` and potentially lead to code execution.  Allow attackers to gain root privileges and potentially execute code. 
  CVE-2024-40762  Gen7 Firewalls, Gen7 NSv, TZ80 Use of Cryptographically Weak Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG) in the SonicOS SSLVPN authentication token generator that, in certain cases, can be predicted by an attacker potentially resulting in authentication bypass. Weak PRNG in authentication tokens can lead to authentication bypass in SSLVPN. 
 CVE-2024-53705  Gen6 Hardware Firewalls, Gen7 Firewalls, Gen7 NSv A Server-Side Request Forgery vulnerability in the SonicOS SSH management interface allows a remote attacker to establish a TCP connection to an IP address on any port when the user is logged in to the firewall. Allow attackers to establish TCP connections to arbitrary IP addresses and ports 

Remediation: 

  • Update: Impacted users are recommended to upgrade to the following versions to address the security risk: 
 Firewalls Versions Fixes and Releases 
Gen 6 / 6.5 hardware firewalls SonicOS 6.5.5.1-6n or newer 
Gen 6 / 6.5 NSv firewalls SonicOS 6.5.4.v-21s-RC2457 or newer 
Gen 7 firewalls SonicOS 7.0.1-5165 or newer; 7.1.3-7015 and higher 
TZ80: SonicOS SonicOS 8.0.0-8037 or newer 

Recommendations: 

  • Patch Without Delay: Install the latest firmware update from SonicWall to resolve this vulnerability. Detailed instructions are available in SonicWall’s official advisory. 
  • Monitor Network Activity: Regularly monitor network traffic for signs of suspicious or unauthorized access. 
  • Limit Access: Restrict VPN access to trusted users and enforce Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) for all accounts. 
  • Stay Updated: Subscribe to SonicWall’s security alerts and updates to stay informed about upcoming vulnerabilities. 

References: 

Security Advisory

Critical Windows Privilege Escalation Vulnerability with Public Exploit

Cybersecurity researchers reported a critical Windows privilege escalation vulnerability, identified as CVE-2024-43641 affecting Microsoft Windows. This flaw, which affects various editions of Windows Server 2025, Windows 10, and Windows 11, has been assigned a CVSS v3.1 score of 7.8, indicating high severity.

Summary 

OEM Microsoft 
Severity High 
CVSS 7.8 
CVEs CVE-2024-43641 
Exploited in Wild No 
Patch/Remediation Available Yes 
Advisory Version 1.0 

Overview 

A significant Windows Registry Elevation of Privilege vulnerability, identified as CVE-2024-43641, affects multiple editions of Windows. A recently released Proof-of-Concept (PoC) exploit demonstrates how attackers can exploit this flaw to gain elevated privileges. 

Vulnerability Name CVE ID Product Affected Severity 
Windows Registry Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability  CVE-2024-43641  Windows    High 

Technical Summary 

The vulnerability, CVE-2024-43641, exploits a design flaw in Windows registry hive memory management, specifically during a double-fetch process under memory pressure. This flaw allows malicious SMB servers to respond with differing data for consecutive read requests, breaking kernel assumptions and enabling privilege escalation to SYSTEM level. Key technical details are as follows: 

CVE ID System Affected Vulnerability Details Impact 
CVE-2024-43641 Windows 10, Windows 11, Windows Server 2008–2025 The vulnerability involves improper handling of registry hive memory management under memory pressure. A malicious SMB server can respond with differing data to consecutive read requests, breaking kernel assumptions. Exploitation leverages a “False File Immutability” (FFI) condition. Allows attackers to escalate privileges, execute arbitrary code, and compromise system integrity. 

Remediation: 

  • Apply Patches: Users and system administrators are strongly advised to promptly apply the latest security updates. 
  • Monitor Activity: 
  • Monitor logs for suspicious activity related to registry operations. 
  • The cybersecurity community is actively monitoring the situation for any indications of active exploitation in the wild. 

Conclusion: 

CVE-2024-43641 is a high-severity vulnerability with a publicly available PoC exploit. It is crucial to apply security patches immediately and follow best practices to mitigate the risk of exploitation. Organizations must stay alert and monitor ongoing developments to ensure complete protection against this emerging threat. 

References: 

Cybersecurity News

Adobe released Security updates Addressing critical ColdFusion vulnerability with (PoC) Exploit code

Adobe released security updates (APSB24-107) addressing an arbitrary file system vulnerability ColdFusion, identified as CVE-2024-53961,  is linked to a path traversal weakness with proof-of-concept (PoC) exploit code.

This could allow attackers to exploit the flaw and gain unauthorized access to arbitrary files on vulnerable servers. 

As per the updates Adobe ColdFusion versions 2023 and 2021 that addressed an arbitrary file proof-of-concept may enable attackers to read arbitrary files on vulnerable servers, potentially leading to unauthorized access and data exposure warns of critical ColdFusion bug with PoC exploit code.

Summary:

“Adobe is aware that CVE-2024-53961 has a known proof-of-concept that could cause an arbitrary file system read,” Adobe earlier gave statement cautioning customers that it assigned a “Priority 1” severity rating to the flaw because it has a “a higher risk of being targeted, by exploit(s) in the wild for a given product version and platform.”

Key findings:

  • The vulnerability, CVE-2024-53961, affects ColdFusion 2021 and 2023.
  • Adobe has provided a patch to address the issue.
  • The vulnerability can potentially lead to unauthorized access and data exposure
  • The flaw has been given a Priority 1 severity rating, the highest possible level, due to its potential for exploitation in the wild.
  • Adobe has highlighted the critical nature of these updates and classified the vulnerability with a CVSS base score of 7.4, signifying a threat to the security of affected systems. 

Adobe has issued advisory

  • Monitor systems for any signs of exploitation.
  • Adobe has provided a patch to address the vulnerability remediation to mitigate the risk of exploitation.
  • Consider implementing file system monitoring and logging to detect and prevent unauthorized file access.

Path traversal weakness in ColdFusion; CVE-2024-53961

What is Path Traversal?

Hackers uses a tactics by Tricking a web application into displaying the contents of a directory that was not on request by user to gain access to sensitive files on a server.

The path traversal weakness in ColdFusion could be exploited by an attacker to perform unauthorized file system reads on affected servers.

This means that an attacker could manipulate file paths to access sensitive files that are otherwise restricted. This kind of vulnerability can lead to exposure of critical system information, unauthorized access and data exposure.

Reference: https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/adobe-warns-of-critical-coldfusion-bug-with-poc-exploit-code/

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